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Gerardo Núñez is the prototype flamenco
guitar soloist of the generation born in the sixties,
brought up with the sounds of the almighty threesome
Lucía-Sanlúcar-Serranito, who got
a solid flamenco background (his formative years
in Jerez de la Frontera as Rafael de Águila’s
student, and later accompanying none other than
Tío Borrico, Terremoto senior, or as second
guitar to Paco Cepero) and who later found in
Madrid, thanks to his contact with other musical
cultures and modernist singers such as Enrique
Morente, the opportunity to open horizons going
on to form part of the urban phenomenon known
as the "New Flamenco".
If there is such a thing as artists’
artists, with respect to Gerardo Núñez
you could say there are guitarists’ guitarists.
Hailed by his profession as one of a kind, the
fame and respect he enjoys among guitar-lovers
is out of proportion to the discreet promotion
his playing and his music has among the public
at large. And it’s because Gerardo’s
personality makes no concessions: flamenco guitar
and its evolution is his thing, working with other
high quality musical genres that are up to his
level, flamenco as a musical art that knows no
frontiers. With Gerardo Núñez, the
flamenco guitarist has acquired the same intellectual
profile of sophistication usually associated with
jazz musicians, and his audience tends to be music-lovers.
After El Gallo Azul (1987), forcefully breaking
onto the scene with his new flamenco vision where
the traditional Andalusian cadence was scarcely
heard, to Flamenco en Nueva York (1989), where
he made clear his inclination towards an urbane
and avant-garde sort of flamenco, far from the
habitual format, with a big dose of jazz and a
dazzling technique, with Jucal (1994), still not
giving up his desire to evolve, he returned to
a more natural sound and a more conventional kind
of flamenco, making this record one of the most
important flamenco guitar recordings of the nineties.
His innovations therefore are structured around
three objectives: the development of new ways
of marking the Andalusian cadence, the utilization
of innovative tunings, and the fusing of diverse
forms. His Jerez touch is noticeable in the power
of his thumb, arpeggios and picados in the bulería
"Jucal" (‘bueno’ in the
gypsy language Calé), played at breakneck
speed, where he exploits the Andalusian cadence
in the tone of D (re) sharp phrygian which he
uses to explore new sounds.
With the piece "Hacia mí",
composed with the collaboration of E. Morente
and M. Rius, we have the first combined forms,
from an opening rondeña with echoes in
the voice of Dieguito, now known as "El Cigala",
to a frenetic bulería, passing through
verdiales and another slower bulería, both
in the voice of El Cigala. Gerardo Núñez’
virtuosity is astounding here, as is the sound
of his rapid arpeggios on the base strings: a
sound which is reminiscent of Sabicas, and where
as guitar-lovers say, "the guitar sounds
like a piano".
In the seguiriya "Remache",
a crowing glory of the solo flamenco guitar, he
again uses another way of marking the Andalusian
cadence, another tuning. Composed on the "toque
de granaína" (B or si phrygian), instread
of the traditional "toque por medio"
(A or la phrygian), it was a total aesthetic shock
which surprised guitar fans who then began to
complain they couldn’t identify the styles
at the beginning of the soloist’s pieces.
That was the moment that a new impressionistic
approach on the part of the composer of flamenco
guitar appeared, and passed from statement to
suggestion, hinting rather than saying. How can
one suggest the profound nature of a seguiriya
without resorting to playing "por medio",
associated with the quality of ‘jondo’
or depth ever since the flamenco guitar tooks
its first steps? Gerardo Núñez relies
on two resources: most importantly a deep bass
sound achieved by tuning down the sixth string
two and a half tones, which makes E (mi) become
B (si), a bass which he obsessively makes sound
in his composition, a second minor dissonance
in the sharps tuning the first string down a half
tone so that E (mi) becomes D (re) sharp. In this
way his composition used three traditional flamenco
colors: that of seguiriya, given to deep sounds
on the bass strings, that of granaína due
to the cadence used, and that of Levante due to
the utilization of the second minor interval in
the sharps.
In "Marqués de Porrina",
the excessively shouting voice of Ramón
el Portugués is in charge of recalling
the Extremaduran tangos of his birthplace and
his family, while Gerardo develops some very tangoey
falsetas with his thumb, and legato on the passing
chords that characterize the sound of Extremadura.
In "Piedras negras"
we have the second combination of styles, this
time a taranta which prefaces a soleá por
bulería. Again the exceptional "piano-like"
sound stands out with Gerardo’s guitar,
especially with the bass strings, and in the new
ways of marking the Andalusian cadence over other
styles. Normally played "por medio"
(A or la phrygian) or "por arriba" (E
or mi phrygian), soleá por bulería
acquires with Gerardo an exceptional depth interpreted
in the Levante tonality of F (fa) sharp phrygian.
The tonality of D (re) major and the open chords
that it allows is one of the favorite positions
of the guitarist from Jerez.
With "Trafalgar" he
composes another anthological bulería,
constantly contrasting his open harmonies in D
(re) minor with the close tonalities of D (re)
minor and D (re) phrygian, letting go as Alain
Faucher points out in El Arte de Gerardo Núñez,
vol. 1 (1997) with an eloquent exercise in modulation
that "goes beyong the strict framework of
the original style". The third and last combination,
the tangos/rumba "Isa", where he fuses
Andalusian and Latino elements, executed again
to a very swift tempo, constitutes another proof
of Gerardo Núñez’ virtuosity,
with a devastating picado used to improvise in
the final chorus. Gerardo Núñez,
unquestionably at the cutting edge of today’s
flamenco guitar. |